Fundamental Principle of Addition
Fundamental Principle of Addition
To find the total, number of ways in which either of the two jobs can be performed when both the jobs are mutually exclusive jobs the fundamental principle is followed. If the two jobs can be performed independently in m and n ways respectively, then either of the two jobs can be performed in ( m+ n) ways.
In case of two events X and Y. n(X) denotes the possible ways in which the event X can occurs n(Y) denotes the possible ways in which the event Y can occurs
Let Z be an event describing the situation in which either event X occurs, OR event Y occurs. Then, if n(Z) denotes the number of ways in which the event Z can occur or the number of possible outcomes of the event Z . It can be calculated using the Fundamental Principle of Addition and is given by:
n(Z) = n(X) + n(Y)
For example: To calculate the total number of possible outcomes when either a coin is tossed or a dice is thrown the Fundamental Principle of Addition can be used as follows
Job 1: When a dice is thrown the possible outcomes are n(dice)= 6
Job 2: When a coin is tossed the possible outcomes are n(coin)= 2
The total number of possible outcomes when either a coin is tossed or a dice is thrown can be calculated as
n(dice or coin) = n(dice) + n(coin) =6 + 2= 8
There are 8 toy cars and 5 dolls in a shop. In how many ways the shopkeeper will either sell a toy car or a doll? | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
There are 5 Mathematics books and 6 Physics books in a book shop. In how many ways a student can buy a mathematics book or a physics book? | |||
| Right Option : C | |||
| View Explanation | |||
If there are 12 questions in ch-1,18 questions in ch-2 and 15 questions in ch-3. In how many ways teacher can select a question from any one of the 3 chapters? | |||
| Right Option : A | |||
| View Explanation | |||
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